Malinga ndi malipoti atsatanetsatane, kufikira pano, matenda a nyani afalikira kumayiko 15 akunja kwa Africa, zomwe zikudzutsa chidwi ndi maiko akunja.Kodi monkeypox virus ingasinthe?Kodi padzakhala kuphulika kwakukulu?Kodi katemera wa nthomba akadali wothandiza polimbana ndi matenda a nyani?
1. Kodi nyani ndi chiyani?
Monkeypox ndi matenda amtundu wa zoonotic omwe adapezeka mu labotale anyani anyama mu 1958, makamaka m'maiko amvula apakati ndi kumadzulo kwa Africa.
Pali magulu awiri a monkeypox virus, West African clade ndi Congo Basin (Central Africa) clade.Mlandu woyamba wa matenda a monkeypox unapezeka ku Congo (DRC) mu 1970.
ZITHUNZI: Chithunzi cha 2003 cha electron microscope chochokera ku US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) chikuwonetsa kachilombo ka nyanipox.
2. Kodi nyani amapatsirana bwanji?
Monkeypox imatha kufalikirakugonana, madzi a m'thupi, kukhudza khungu, madontho a kupuma, kapenakukhudzana ndi zinthu zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka monga zofunda ndi zobvala.
Monkeypox imathanso kufalikira kudzerakukhudzana ndi nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilomboka monga anyani, mbewa ndi agologolo.
3. Kodi zizindikiro za nyani ndi chiyani?
Monkeypox imatulutsa zidzolo zomwe zimayamba ngati malo osalala, ofiira omwe amatukuka ndikudzaza ndi mafinya.Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka amamvanso kutentha thupi komanso kuwawa kwa thupi.
Zizindikiro nthawi zambiri zimawonekera patatha masiku 6 mpaka 13 mutadwala, koma zimatha kutenga masabata atatu.Matendawa amatha milungu iwiri kapena inayi, ndipo milandu yowopsa nthawi zambiri imachitika mwa ana, malinga ndi WHO.
4. Kodi anyani amapha bwanji?
Ngakhale kuti matenda a anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka monkeypox ndi ocheperako poyerekeza ndi kachilombo ka variola, kachilombo ka variola, amatha kupha,ndi kufa kwa 1% -10%.Mpaka pano, palibe mankhwala othandiza a matendawa.
ZITHUNZI: Director-General wa WHO Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.Chithunzi chojambulidwa ndi mtolankhani wa China News Agency Peng Dawei
5. Kodi pali milandu ingati chaka chino?
Mkulu wa WHO Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus adati pa 22 kuti nyani yafalikira kumayiko 15 kunja kwa Africa.Milandu yopitilira 80 yatsimikizika ku Europe, United States, Canada, Australia ndi Israel.
Bungwe la US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) linanena pa 23 kuti likufufuza milandu inayi yomwe akuwaganizira kuti ndi anyani, onse anali amuna komanso okhudzana ndi maulendo.Ku Ulaya, bungwe la UK Health and Safety Authority linanena tsiku lomwelo kuti panali milandu 36 yatsopano ya nyani ku England, mlandu woyamba wa nyani unapezeka ku Scotland, ndipo chiwerengero cha milandu m'dzikoli chinawonjezeka kufika pa 57.
6. Kodi padzakhala mliri waukulu wa anyani?
Nyuzipepala ya New York Times imakhulupirira kuti, nthawi zonse, nyani siyambitsa miliri yaikulu.Mliri woyipa kwambiri ku United States udachitika mu 2003, pomwe milandu yambiri idalumikizidwa ndi agalu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka komanso ziweto zina.
Nthawi zambiri chaka chino zachitika mwa anyamata.Heiman, katswiri wa matenda opatsirana a WHO, adanena kuti mliri wamakono wa monkeypox m'mayiko osiyanasiyana ndi "chochitika mwachisawawa", ndipo njira yaikulu yopatsirana nthawi ino ingakhale yokhudzana ndi kugonana kosatetezeka pamaphwando awiri omwe anachitika ku Spain ndi ku Belgium.
7. Kodi nyani amasintha?
Reuters idagwira mawu a Lewis, wamkulu wa "mlembi wa "smallpox" wa WHO akunena pa 23 kuti.palibe umboni wosonyeza kuti kachilombo ka nyani kasintha, ndipo adawonetsa kuti kuthekera kwa kusintha kwa kachilomboka ndikochepa.
Katswiri wa matenda a WHO Van Kerkhove adanenanso kuti milandu yomwe ikukayikiridwa posachedwa komanso yotsimikizika ku Europe ndi North America sizowopsa, ndipo zomwe zikuchitika pano ndizotheka.
ZITHUNZI: Zithunzi za maikulosikopu za elekitironi zoperekedwa ndi US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention zikuwonetsa kachilombo ka nyani kokhwima (kumanzere) ndi ma virioni osakhwima (kumanja).
8. Kodi katemera wa nthomba angateteze matenda a nyani?
Malinga ndi malipoti a BBC, katemera wa nthomba wasonyeza kuti ndi 85% yothandiza kupewa nyani ndipo nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Rena McIntyre, wasayansi wa matenda opatsirana ku yunivesite ya New South Wales ku Australia, adanenanso kuti kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chifukwa kuyimitsidwa kwakukulu kwa katemera wa nthomba kwakhala zaka 40 mpaka 50, mphamvu yoteteza chitetezo cha mthupi ya katemera wa nthomba yatsika, zomwe zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha mliri wa nyani.chifukwa cha exacerbation.Iye adalangiza akuluakulu aboma kuti adziwe anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a nyani ndikuwapatsa katemera wa nyani.
9. Kodi mayiko ambiri akuchita chiyani?
Mkulu wa CDC a McQueston adati pa 23 kuti bungweli likupereka katemera wa nthomba, ndipo azipereka patsogolo kulumikizana ndi odwala anyani, ogwira ntchito zachipatala komanso magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu omwe atha kukhala ndi milandu yayikulu.UK Health Security Agency imalimbikitsanso katemera wa nthomba kwa magulu omwe ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu.
Freitas, mkulu wa General Directorate of Health ku Portugal, adati anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka komanso omwe amalumikizana nawo akuyenera kudzipatula komanso kuti asagawire zovala ndi zinthu ndi ena.Belgium yalamula kuti anthu azikhala kwaokha kwa masiku 21 omwe ali ndi matenda a nyani.
Robert Koch Institute, bungwe loyang'anira matenda ku Germany, likuchita kafukufuku wokhudza kupewa miliri, kuphatikiza ngati akulimbikitsidwa kupatula milandu yotsimikizika ndi oyandikana nawo, komanso omwe akulimbikitsidwa kuti alandire katemera wa nthomba.
10. Kodi mungapewe bwanji ngozi?
WHO ikulimbikitsa kuti matenda aliwonse paulendo wopita kapena pobwerera kuchokera kumadera omwe afala, ayenera kukambidwa kwa azaumoyo.
WHO ikugogomezeranso kufunikira kozindikira ukhondo wamanja ndi sopo ndi madzi kapena zotsukira zokhala ndi mowa.
11. Kodi kudziwa?
Monkeypox imayamba chifukwa cha madontho opumira komanso kukhudzana ndi nembanemba, kotero njira yabwino yodziwira ndi kuyesa kwa PCR nucleic acid yofanana kwambiriCOVID 19.Gwiritsani ntchito zida zozindikirira kachilombo ka monkeypox nucleic acid (njira ya PCR-fluorescent probe).
Kachilombo ka nyani ndi kachilombo komwe kamayambitsa matenda a nyanipox mwa anthu ndi nyama.
Monkeypox virus ndi Orthopoxvirus, mtundu wa banja la Poxviridae lomwe lili ndi ma virus ena.
zamoyo zomwe zimakonda nyama zoyamwitsa.Kachilomboka kamapezeka makamaka m'madera otentha a nkhalango zapakati ndi
Kumadzulo kwa Africa.Njira yoyamba yopatsira matenda imaganiziridwa kukhala kukhudzana ndi nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilombo kapena
madzi a m'thupi lawo. Ma genome sanagawidwe ndipo amakhala ndi molekyulu imodzi ya mzere
DNA yamitundu iwiri, 185000 nucleotides yaitali.
Njira yodziwira njira ya PCR-fluorescent probe pamsika nthawi zambiri imakhala yochotsa ndikuyeretsa DNA ya kachilombo ka monkeypox, kenako ndikuchita zomwe PCR.Ngati ukadaulo wa Foregene wotsogola wa Direct PCR ugwiritsidwa ntchito, njira zotopetsa zochotsera nyani DNA zitha kuchotsedwa, ndipo DNA yomwe ili mu kachilombo ka nyani imatha kutulutsidwa mwachindunji ndi wotulutsa chitsanzo, ndipo zomwe PCR zimachita zitha kuchitidwa mwachindunji.Zosavuta komanso zachangu!
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Nthawi yotumiza: May-27-2022
