“Nucleic acid drugs” imagwiritsa ntchito “nucleic acid,” yomwe imatchula zinthu monga DNA ndi RNA zomwe zimayang’anira zambiri za majini, monga mankhwala.Izi zimalola kulunjika kwa mamolekyu monga mRNA ndi miRNA omwe sangagwirizane ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe otsika kwambiri a molekyulu ndi mankhwala a antibody, ndipo pali chiyembekezo chachikulu cha mankhwalawa ngati mankhwala a m'badwo wotsatira.Kafukufuku wachangu akuchitika padziko lonse lapansi chifukwa akuyembekezeka kupangitsa kuti pakhale mankhwala omwe kale anali osatheka.
Kumbali ina, zanenedwa kuti kupanga mankhwala a nucleic acid kuli ndi zovuta zomwe zimayenera kuthana nazo, kuphatikizapo "(i) kusakhazikika kwa ma molekyulu a nucleic acid m'thupi," "(ii) nkhawa za zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala," ndi" (iii) zovuta mu dongosolo loperekera mankhwala (DDS)."Komanso, makampani aku Japan ali m'mbuyo popanga mankhwala a nucleic acid chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma patent akuluakulu a nucleic acid ndi makampani aku Europe ndi US, zomwe zikusokoneza chitukuko cha Japan.
Makhalidwe a nucleic acid mankhwala
"Nucleic acid drugs" ndi teknoloji yotulukira mankhwala ya m'badwo wotsatira yomwe ili ndi njira yosiyana kwambiri ndi mankhwala achikhalidwe.Imakhalanso ndi kuthekera kopangidwa mosavuta pamamolekyu apakati komanso kuthekera kowonetsa mphamvu ndi chitetezo choposa chamankhwala oteteza thupi.Chifukwa cha zinthuzi, pali chiyembekezo chakuti mankhwala a nucleic acid adzagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khansa ndi matenda obadwa nawo omwe poyamba anali ovuta kuchiza, komanso matenda monga fuluwenza ndi mavairasi.
Mitundu ya mankhwala a nucleic acid
Nucleic acid mankhwala omwe amagwiritsa ntchito DNA ndi RNA amaphatikizanso omwe amayang'ana ma nucleic acid pomwe mapuloteni amapangidwa kuchokera ku genome DNA (monga mRNA ndi miRNA) ndi omwe amayang'ana mapuloteni.
Mitundu ndi mawonekedwe a nucleic acid mankhwala (mankhwala a prophylaxis ndi chithandizo)
Pali mankhwala a nucleic acid omwe ali ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe malinga ndi zolinga ndi njira zogwirira ntchito.
| Mtundu | Zolinga | Malo ochitirapo kanthu | Njira yochitira | Chidule |
| siRNA | mRNA | Mkati mwa selo (cytoplasm) | mRNA kusintha | RNA yokhala ndi zingwe ziwiri yokhala ndi mRNA yokhala ndi ma homologoussequence (siRNA), single-stranded hairpin RNA (shRNA), etc.ndi zotsatira molingana ndi mfundo ya RNAi |
| miRNA | Mtengo wa microRNA | Mkati mwa selo (cytoplasm) | Kusintha kwa microRNA | RNA yamitundu iwiri, miRNA ya RNA yokhala ndi chingwe chimodzikapena kutsanzira kwake kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kulimbikitsa ntchito ya miRNA yomwe yawonongekandi zovuta |
| Zotsutsa | mRNA miRNA | Mkati mwa selo (mu phata, cytoplasm) | Kuwonongeka kwa mRNA ndi miRNA, splicing inhibition | RNA/DNA ya chingwe chimodzi yomwe imamangiriza ku chandamale cha mRNAndi miRNA kuti iwononge kapena kulepheretsa,kapena kuchitapo kanthu kulumpha exon pamene splicing |
| Aptamer | Mapuloteni (mapuloteni owonjezera) | Kunja kwa selo | Kuletsa ntchito | RNA/DNA ya chingwe chimodzi yomwe imamangiriza puloteni yomwe mukufunam'njira yofanana ndi ma antibodies / DNA |
| Decoy | Mapuloteni (cholembera) | Mkati mwa cell (mu phata) | Kuletsa kulembedwa | DNA yamitundu iwiri yotsatizana ndi malo omangirakwa transcript factor, yomwe imalumikizana ndi transcript factorya jini yomwe yakhudzidwa kuti itseke jini yomwe mukufuna |
| Ribozyme | RNA | Mkati mwa selo (cytoplasm) | Kusintha kwa mtengo wa RNA | RNA yokhala ndi chingwe chimodzi yokhala ndi enzyme yomanga ndi kung'ambikachandamale cha RNA |
| CpG ndalama | Mapuloteni (receptor) | Pamwamba pa cell | Immunopotentiation | Oligodeoxynucleotide yokhala ndi CpG motif (DNA ya chingwe chimodzi) |
| Zina | - | - | - | Nucleic acid mankhwalas ena osati omwe atchulidwa pamwambapa omwe achitapo kanthuyambitsani chitetezo cham'mimba, monga PolyI:PolyC (RNA yamitundu iwiri)ndi antigen |
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-25-2023
