Gwero lomasulira: WuXi AppTec gulu mkonzi

Ku Guangzhou, China, apolisi omwe ali ndi udindo wothandizira kufufuza kwa miliri adatulutsa kanema wowunika: Mu lesitilanti yomweyi, awiriwa adalowa m'bafa wina pambuyo pa mnzake popanda kukhudzana.Masekondi 14 okha a nthawi yokhalira limodzi adalola kuti kachilombo ka korona katsopano kapeze mwayi, kumalize kufalikira.

Mapu a gulu la WuXi AppTec

Ku Australia kum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi, anthu amadabwanso kuona "matenda apompopompo" ofanana.Akuluakulu azaumoyo ku New South Wales atafufuza milanduyi, adapeza kuti munthu yemwe ali ndi kachilombo komanso anthu osachepera atatu"Kungodutsa" kunja kwa malo ogulitsira kapena khofi, ndikulowa mwachangu pamalo omwewo, ndipo kachilomboka kamayambitsa matenda.

Zotsatira zakutsatizana kwa ma virus pazitsanzo za milanduyi zidawonetsa kuti coronavirus yatsopanoyoMatendawa ndi a Delta mutant strain, yomwe ndi mtundu watsopano wa coronavirus mutant womwe unapezeka koyamba ku India mu Okutobala 2020.Katswiri wamaphunziro Zhong Nanshan adanenanso muzoyankhulana zaposachedwa ndi atolankhani kuti "vuto la delta lili ndi katundu wambiri,mpweya wotuluka ndi poizoni komanso wopatsirana kwambiri", kotero kuti miyezo yokhwima ikufunika kutanthauzira "olumikizana nawo pafupi" ...

Kuwononga dziko

Mu Epulo ndi Meyi 2021, ku India kunali mliri woopsa.Malinga ndi zomwe zatulutsidwa ndi Unduna wa Zaumoyo ku India,kuchuluka kwa milandu yomwe yangotsimikizika tsiku limodzi idaposa 400,000 nthawi imodzi!Ngakhale pali misonkhano yayikulu ndi zina zomwe zimabweretsa, chowonadi chosatsutsika ndikuti kuchuluka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la Delta mutant strain kukuchulukirachulukira.

Kunja kwa India, kuchokera ku Nepal kupita ku Southeast Asia, kupita kudera lalikulu padziko lonse lapansi, mtundu wa Delta mutant unafalikiranso m'miyezi iwiri yapitayi.

“Mtundu wa Delta ndiye mtundu wopatsirana kwambiri womwe wapezeka mpaka pano.Zapezeka m'mayiko / zigawo za 85 ndipo zafalikira mofulumira pakati pa anthu omwe alibe katemera.” Mtsogoleri wamkulu wa World Health Organisation Dr. Tan Desai pa June 25 adatero pamsonkhano wa atolankhani.

Dr. Tan Desai, Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa World Health Organization |Zithunzi za ITU zochokera ku Geneva, Switzerland, CC BY 2.0, kudzera pa Wikimedia Commons)

Mlandu woyamba wa matenda a Delta adapezeka ku United Kingdom mkati mwa Epulo.Panthawiyo, patapita miyezi ingapo ya "kutsekereza", ndi kupita patsogolo kwa katemera, chiwerengero cha matenda, zipatala, ndi imfa zonse zinatsika kwambiri, ndipo mliriwo unkawoneka kuti ukukula.

Komabe, mtundu wa Delta mutant udabweretsa nsonga zachitatu za mliri ku UK., ndipo kuchuluka kwa milandu yatsopano patsiku kudaposa 8,700.Kachilomboka kamafalikira mwachangu pakati pa anthu omwe sanalandire katemera, zomwe zidakakamiza UK kuti ichedwetse mapulani ake oti atsegulenso.Pamenepo,mtundu waposachedwa wa Delta mutant walowa m'malo mwa mtundu wa Alpha mutant (ndiko kuti, mtundu wa B.1.1.7 mutant strain) womwe udapezeka koyamba ku UK, ndipo wakhala coronavirus yatsopano yofunikira kwambiri.

Ku kontinenti ya America, zomwe zasintha za Delta zidayambitsanso nkhawa.Malinga ndi kafukufuku yemwe adachitika ku California,chiwerengero cha milandu yomwe imayambitsa matenda a Alpha, omwe poyamba anali "mainstream", atsika kuchokera ku 70% kumapeto kwa April mpaka pafupifupi 42% kumapeto kwa June, ndipo "kukwera" kwa kusiyana kwa Delta ndi chifukwa cha izi.Chifukwa chachikulu cha kusinthaku.Mkulu wa bungwe la US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) anachenjeza kuti m'masabata angapo otsatira, mtundu wa Delta ukhoza kukhala mtundu watsopano wa coronavirus ku United States.

Gawo la mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma virus a COVID-19 (mitundu ya Delta mutant ndi yobiriwira) |nextstrain.org)

Ku China, kuphatikiza ku Guangzhou, milandu yamtundu wa Delta mutant yapezekanso pafupi ndi Shenzhen, Dongguan ndi malo ena.Kulimbana pakati pa anthu ndi mitundu ya Delta mutant kwayamba.

Sikuti kufalikira kumakhala kwamphamvu kwambiri

Chiyambireni mliri watsopano wa korona kwa nthawi yopitilira chaka, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu yosiyanasiyana yakopa chidwi chapadera, kuphatikiza mtundu wa Alpha mutant womwe unatsimikiziridwa koyamba ku United Kingdom mu Seputembara 2020, ndi mtundu wa Beta mutant (B.1.351) womwe udatsimikiziridwa koyamba ku South Africa mu Meyi 2020.

Pa Meyi 11, World Health Organisation idalemba mtundu wa Delta mutant womwe unapezeka koyamba ku India ngati wachinayi "nkhawa zosiyanasiyana"(VOC).Malinga ndi tanthauzo la WHO, VOC imatanthauza"akukayikiridwa kapena kutsimikizira kuti izi zipangitsa kufalikira kapena kawopsedwe;kapena kuonjezera kapena kusintha mawonetseredwe a matenda;kapena kuyambitsa kusintha kwa matenda omwe alipo, njira zochiritsira, ndi mphamvu ya katemera.

Zomwe zilipo kuchokera kumabungwe monga dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ku United Kingdom (PHE) zikuwonetsa izimphamvu yotumizira ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Delta ndi 100% yoposa ya zovuta zoyambirira;poyerekeza ndi mtundu wa Alpha womwe unali kufalikira padziko lonse mu theka lachiwiri la chaka chatha, kusiyana kwa Delta Kuthekera kwa kufalikira kwa zovutazo ndi zamphamvu kwambiri, kuchuluka kwa kufalikira ndi 60% kuposa.

Kuphatikiza pakuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa matenda ndi kufalikira kwa kachilomboka, Feng Zijian, wofufuza ku China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, adati poyambitsa milandu yaposachedwa ya korona watsopano ku Guangzhou, mtundu wa Delta mutant "chinthu china ndi chakuti nthawi yoyamwitsa kapena ndimeyi imafupikitsidwa-m'kanthawi kochepa).Mibadwo isanu kapena isanu ndi umodzi inadutsa m’masiku 10 okha.” Kuphatikiza apo, zotsatira za mayeso a PCR a zitsanzo kuchokera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilomboka zidawonetsa kuti kuchuluka kwa ma virus kumawonjezeka kwambiri, zomwe zidapangitsanso kuti matenda ayambe kuchitika.

Ku United Kingdom, komwe mtundu wa Delta wapanga 90% yamilandu, umboni woyamba ukuwonetsa kuti.poyerekeza ndi mitundu ya Alpha, anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Delta ali ndi mwayi wogonekedwa m'chipatala kuwirikiza kawiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti chiopsezo chogonekedwa kuchipatala chikuwonjezeka ndi 100%.

Kusintha kofunikira kwa majini komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma virus mutant virus omwe ali ndi nkhawa pakadali pano.Pakati pawo, mtundu wa Delta mutant uli ndi masinthidwe apadera a 13 poyerekeza ndi mtundu woyamba wa virus |WuXi AppTec Content Team

Kutengera mtundu wamtundu wa Delta mutant strain,ili ndi zosintha zina zapadera mu jini yomwe imayika puloteni ya spike ya coronavirus yatsopano, zomwe sizimangokhudza kuthekera kofalitsa kachilomboka, komanso zimatha kuyambitsa chitetezo chathupi..Mwanjira ina, ma antibodies omwe amapangidwa pambuyo pa matenda am'mbuyomu kapena katemera amatha kufooketsa kuthekera komanga mtundu wa Delta.

Kufunika kwa katemera

Poyang'anizana ndi mitundu yowopsa ya Delta, kodi katemera omwe alipo angaperekebe chitetezo chokwanira?

"Chilengedwe" adasindikiza pepala lofufuzira pa June 10th.Zotsatira zoyesa za kuthekera kwa antibody neutralization zidawonetsa izimilungu iwiri kapena inayi wathunthu inoculation awiri Mlingo wa katemera wa mRNA neocorona BNT162b2, neutralizing oteteza opangidwa mu thupi la munthu ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa Delta.Vutoli likadali ndi vuto lalikulu loletsa.

Zochita zosagwirizana ndi seramu ya katemera motsutsana ndi coronavirus yatsopano yoyambilira ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosinthika kuphatikiza mtundu wa Delta |Buku [1]

Poyankha mitundu iwiri yayikulu ya ma virus, Delta ndi Alpha, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro za COVID-19, momwe katemera angapewere, dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ku United Kingdom idalengeza zotsatira za kafukufuku wapadziko lonse lapansi kumapeto kwa Meyi.

Deta ikuwonetsa kuti ngakhale katemerayu ali ndi mphamvu yochepetsera chitetezo pamtundu wa Deltapoyerekeza ndi vuto la Alpha, lingathebe kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zizindikiro zatsopano za korona.Mokwanira katemera ndi majekeseni awiri a katemera wa mRNA, zoteteza zimatha kufika 88%;mosiyana, zodzitetezera ku Alpha ndi 93%.

Kafukufukuyu adapezanso kuti ngati katemera umodzi wokha waperekedwa, mphamvu yoletsa kupsinjika kwa mutant imachepetsedwa kwambiri.Masabata atatu pambuyo pa mlingo woyamba wa katemera, katemera awiriwa amatha kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha zizindikiro zatsopano za korona chifukwa cha kupsyinjika kwa Delta ndi 33%, ndi chiopsezo cha Alpha ndi 50%, onse omwe ali otsika kuposa chitetezo chopangidwa pambuyo pa katemera wa 2.

Kutetezedwa kwa katemera watsopano wa korona motsutsana ndi B.1.617.2 ndi B.1.1.7 mitundu yosinthika |Maumboni [8]

Magazini yovomerezeka yachipatala "The Lancet" inafalitsa chidziwitso china kuchokera ku Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ku United Kingdom pa June 15, kusonyeza kutikatemera wamphumphu wathunthu wamitundu iwiri (kuphatikiza mitundu yambiri ya katemera) atha kuchepetsa chiopsezo chogonekedwa m'chipatala.Kafukufukuyu adawonetsanso kuti patadutsa masiku 28 pambuyo pa jakisoni woyamba, chitetezo cha katemera chikuwonekera.

Malinga ndi maumboni angapo, WHO ndi akatswiri ochokera m’maiko ambiri agogomezera zimenezi mobwerezabwerezandikofunikira kuti mumalize ntchito yonse ya katemera wa katemera yemwe amafunikira milingo iwiri (kapena kupitilira apo), makamaka popewa kuopsa kwa COVID-19 ndi imfa.

Kusintha kosalekeza, chitetezo chopitilira

Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi katemera wochepa, kusiyana kwa Delta kumakhala ndi mwayi wofalikira mofulumira.Kafukufuku wotengera masanjidwe a zitsanzo pafupifupi 20,000 kuyambira Epulo adapeza izim'madera omwe chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amamaliza katemera onse ndi ochepera 30%, kufalikira kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Delta ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa madera ena kumene mlingo wa katemera umaposa chiwerengerochi.

Kafukufuku wina wapezanso kuti kusiyana kwakukulu pamitengo ya katemera kungayambitse kusiyana kwa chiwerengero cha milandu ndi zipatala zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi kusiyana kwa Delta m'madera osiyanasiyana.

Pamene coronavirus yatsopano ikufalikira padziko lonse lapansi, kusintha kwa ma virus sikungapeweke.Kuphatikiza pa kupsinjika kwa Delta mutant komwe kuli ndi mphamvu yotumizira kwambiri mpaka pano,asayansi akuwunikanso mitundu ina yosinthika, kuphatikiza mitundu isanu ndi iwiri yosinthika yomwe yalembedwa kuti "Mutant Strains to Be Observed" (VOI) ndi World Health Organisation.

Momwe mungapewere matenda atsopano a coronavirus omwe amasintha nthawi zonse, Dr. Michael Ryan wa bungwe la WHO amakhulupirira kuti: “Kusintha kwa majini kungayambitse kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a kachilomboka, monga kukhala ndi mwayi wopatsira anthu, kukhala m'malovu kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso kusakhudzidwa kwambiri.Zimayambitsa matenda, etc.Koma ma virus osinthikawa sasintha zomwe tichite, akutikumbutsa kuti titenge njira zonse zodzitetezera zomwe tingachite, komanso kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu, kuphatikiza kuvala masks, kuchepetsa misonkhano, ndi zina zambiri.

Mwachidule, ngakhale kuti Delta mutant kupsyinjika kwawonjezeka infectivity, kufupikitsa nthawi makulitsidwe, ndipo munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo amadwala kwambiri, koma si kwathunthu kupewedwa.Kaya ndi katemera monga momwe amafunikira, kapena miyeso monga masks ndi kudzipatula, akuyembekezeka kuyendetsedwa bwino.Polimbana ndi Delta mutant, zomwe tikuchita zili m'manja mwathu.

Maumboni

[1] Kutsata mitundu ya SARS-CoV-2 Inapezedwanso pa June 24, 2021 kuchokera ku https://www.who.int/en/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants/

[2] Kusiyana kwa Delta coronavirus: asayansi amalimbikira kuti apeze zotsatira, Adabwezedwanso June 24, 2021, kuchokera ku https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01696-3

[3] Mitundu ya Coronavirus ikufalikira ku India - zomwe asayansi akudziwa mpaka pano.Idabwezedwa pa Meyi 11, 2021, kuchokera ku https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01274-7

[4] Zosiyanasiyana za SARS-CoV-2 zodetsa nkhawa komanso zosinthika zomwe zikufufuzidwa ku England.Inabwezedwa pa Epulo 25, 2021, kuchokera, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/979818/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_9_England.pdf

[5] Delta Variant ya Coronavirus Itha Kulamulira Ku US, Pasanathe Masabata.Inatulutsidwa pa June 23, kuchokera ku https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/06/22/1008859705/delta-variant-coronavirus-unvaccinated-us-covid-surge

[6] Idabwezedwa pa June 26, 2021 kuchokera ku https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_13296668

[7] Yoperekedwa ndi ulamuliro wa njira zopewera ndi kuwongolera za State Council (June 11, 2021) Inabwezedwa pa June 26, 2021 kuchokera ku http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/gwylflkjz160/index.htm

[8] Kuchita bwino kwa katemera wa COVID-19 motsutsana ndi B.1.617.2 Variant.Inapezedwanso pa Meyi 23, 2021, kuchokera ku https://khub.net/documents/135939561/430986542/Kuthandiza+kwa+COVID-19+vaccines+ Against+the+B.1.617.2+variant.pdf/204c12-f3-65-e6-e4 2